Academic departments and institutions must show candidates that they welcome people from all backgrounds.

Secrets of the Surface is the first feature-length film on Marayam Mirzakhani. It celebrates how she broke multiple glass ceilings — she was also the first Iranian to win the prize. And it strikes a satisfying balance between her magnificent mathematics and her human story, including her untimely death from cancer in 2017, at the age of 40.

The switch to double-blind review is designed to eliminate a host of systemic biases that have plagued the agency’s review of research proposals. In addition to discrimination on the basis of gender, they include ethnic bias and discrimination against scientists who are at small research institutions, who don’t hold prestigious positions or who haven’t received NASA grants before.

"You should make inclusion a priority and set goals and actively work on it. If you don’t actively work on it, you’re not going to succeed. It takes work, and sometimes it takes money. It’s important work to do. But it’s going to take effort."

In 1896, two students entered a Swiss university together. One was Mileva Marić, a 20-year-old Serbian; the other, Albert Einstein, a 17-year-old German. Both studied physics, taking some of the same courses and, in many of those, getting comparable course results. And ever since, scholars have been arguing about how much credit for Einstein’s astounding contributions to physics should go to Marić.